The Sentinel: June 2025

Snoring Could Signal a Hidden Stroke Risk – Here’s Why

ome things to watch for that might prompt you to see a health care provider about sleep apnea.

Girlfriend tries to sleep while boyfriend snores

by Tim Ditman
OSF Healthcare

URBANA - Here’s another reason to pay attention when your partner complains that you’re snoring or gasping for air at night: sleep apnea – repeated episodes of stopped or slowed breathing during sleep – and stroke go together in more ways than you think.

Leslie Ingold, RN, MSN, a regional stroke navigator at OSF HealthCare, says sleep apnea decreases blood flow to the brain, which can cause a stroke. Conversely, she says people who have suffered a stroke can experience sleep apnea, typically in the first day or two.

Ingold also says people with obstructive sleep apnea (collapse of the upper airway) are twice as likely to have a hole in their heart known as a patent foramen ovale (PFO). PFOs can increase your stroke risk.

“One of the tests we do when [stroke] patients come to the hospital is an echocardiogram of the heart. A PFO is what we’re looking for. It’s that hole in your heart that doesn’t close properly when you’re a child,” Ingold says. “It’s actually what they look for in sports physicals when kids are in school. Listening for that extra ‘lub-dub’ in the heartbeat. Sometimes it’s not caught. We’re finding people in their 60s and 70s that have the hole. We can go in and get that closed.”

What to watch for

Some things to watch for that might prompt you to see a health care provider about sleep apnea:

Snoring. Ingold says watch for loud snoring or a pattern of snoring when you didn’t used to.
“When you can hear it through the wall,” she quips.
Waking up and gasping for air
Morning headaches
Excessive sleepiness, difficulty concentrating and irritability throughout the day. For kids, watch for hyperactivity.
Increased blood pressure

For stroke signs, experts want you to remember the acronym BEFAST. If there are irregularities in balance, eyes, face, arms or speech, it’s time to call 9-1-1.

Nighttime strokes

Ingold says one in four strokes happens in the early morning when you’re likely asleep. Those so-called “wake up strokes” can make things tricky.

Medicine like tenecteplase (TNK) must be given at the hospital within 4.5 hours of the onset of symptoms. If you suffer a stroke while you’re sleeping, there’s not a good way to know when symptoms started. So, health care providers must go by the last time you were well, which would be when you went to sleep.

“There are some other things that can be done,” Ingold says, if TNK is not an option. “If there’s a clot, we can take care of those up to 24 hours [since symptom onset.] We can see if there are early signs of brain damage and get you on the road to those kinds of procedures if you qualify.”

But a big takeaway message: if you have stroke symptoms like a severe or unexpected headache, don’t sleep it off. See a health care provider. Sleep

Healthy sleep

You may need treatment like a continuous positive airway pressure machine (CPAP) for sleep apnea. But healthy sleep habits will go a long way, too. Ingold says you can try a four-week plan.

Week one: Commit to physical activity, especially if you work at a desk all day. Get up and take a short walk.
“Do some things that will make you ready for bed,” Ingold says.
Week two: Phone tactics. Move it away from your bed to charge overnight. Use an old-fashioned alarm clock instead of your phone’s alarm. Turn your phone over. All of these make you less tempted to look at the device and take in blue light that inhibits sleep.
Week three: Create a morning routine.
“It doesn’t have to be anything fancy,” Ingold says. “Your alarm goes off. You walk over to check the phone you’ve placed on the other side of the room. Maybe grab a cup of coffee and give yourself five to 10 minutes. Read a devotion. Do some meditation.”
Week four: Not just the phone. Ditch all devices as bedtime approaches. Read a book or listen to a podcast instead of clearing the Netflix queue.

Other tips for healthy sleep:

Avoid long naps during the day. If you must nap, experts say to keep it under three hours.

Make your home’s lighting natural: bright during the day, darker as night approaches and dark at night.

Avoid large meals, caffeine and alcohol before bed.

If you are a light sleeper, things like earplugs and an artificial noise machine can help.

State Rep to hold satellite office hours for St. Joseph, stops in Vermilion County also set

Satellite Office Hours Set for St. Joseph, Homer, Fairmount & Georgetown

ST. JOSEPH - State Rep. Adam Niemerg (R-Dieterich) is ready to hear from his constituents. Earlier this week, Niemerg announced "Satellite Office Hours" for St. Joseph, Homer, Fairmount and Georgetown on Tuesday, June 10.

This popular program provides opportunities for constituents to meet with legislative staff to receive help and discuss state issues and concerns.

Niemerg, who champions homeschool freedom, protecting the Second Amendment and retaining the state’s original flag, will spend an hour at the St. Joseph Township-Swearingen Memorial Library.

“My satellite office hours provide convenient locations for constituents to get help closer to their home without having to travel to my district office,” said Niemerg. “My legislative staff will be on hand to meet with constituents to help with state programs and concerns.”

Residents are encouraged to schedule an appointment but can stop by if they have a last-minute issue or concern. Constituents may contact Niemerg’s office at (217) 712-2126 or visit RepNiemerg.com.

Mobile satellite office hours

9:30 to 10:30 AM
St. Joseph Township-Swearingen Memorial Library
201 N. Third Street, St. Joseph

11:00 AM to 12:00 PM
Homer Village Hall
500 E. Second Street, Homer

12:30 to 1:30 PM
Fairmount Fire Station
403 S. High Street, Fairmount

2:30 to 3:30 PM
Georgetown Senior Center
102 W. West Street, Georgetown

OSF to merge Urbana, Danville hospitals in overhaul for 2026

URBANA - OSF HealthCare announced a major transformation in its east central Illinois operations Tuesday, revealing plans to merge two regional hospitals into a single entity with dual campuses.

Beginning Jan. 1, 2026—pending state approval—OSF HealthCare Heart of Mary Medical Center in Urbana and OSF HealthCare Sacred Heart Medical Center in Danville will unite under a new model aimed at streamlining services and expanding behavioral health care. The Urbana campus will take the lead in delivering inpatient behavioral health services, while continuing to offer emergency care, inpatient beds, diagnostics, lab work, and additional clinic services.

Photo provided

The decision comes after months of analysis and community feedback, as OSF leadership worked to identify solutions to long-standing challenges such as provider shortages, declining inpatient use, and financial strain. Officials say aligning operations between the two hospitals will eliminate service duplication and make better use of existing resources.

“This change allows us to address critical gaps in care and build a stronger, more sustainable health care system for the region,” OSF said in a public statement.

The transition is expected to bring expanded mental health offerings to Urbana, including programs for young adults, patients with co-occurring medical and psychiatric needs, and seniors requiring geriatric psychiatric care—services the organization says have been in short supply locally.

OSF acquired both hospitals in 2018 and has since invested heavily in infrastructure and community-based services. However, hospital leaders acknowledged that staffing losses and reduced inpatient demand required a rethinking of their care delivery model.

Staff affected by the transition will receive individual support, with OSF pledging to help Mission Partners—its term for employees—explore more than 170 open positions locally, in addition to opportunities throughout its broader network.

OSF emphasized that continuity of patient care remains a top priority throughout the merger process. Patients and care teams will be guided through any transitions, ensuring communication and support at every stage.

The planned merger awaits approval by the Illinois Health Facilities and Services Review Board later this year.

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Microplastics: Why you should worry about in our food supply?

Dr. Ovadia says microplastics may have negative effects on testosterone in men and estrogen and progesterone in women. This could mean reduced muscle mass and libido for men.

A turtle sits on a pile of trash on the beach — A turtle makes his way over a mound of decaying plastic bottles on a beach. The byproduct from the decay are called microplastics or nanoplastics, which are incredibly small pieces of plastic that can get into our body. Scientists don’t fully understand microplastics’ impact on the human body. A lot of research is needed to determine the negative impact on our health.

by Tim Ditman
OSF Healthcare

URBANA - From news reports to social media blurbs to medical studies, they’ve been in the public eye a lot lately. And experts say that likely won’t change.

We’re talking about microplastics or nanoplastics, incredibly small pieces of plastic that can get into our body.

OSF Cardiothoracic surgeon Dr. Philip Ovadia

Photo provided

Philip Ovadia, MD

So, how concerned should we be? Philip Ovadia, MD, a cardiothoracic surgeon at OSF HealthCare, says this issue will continue to be studied for years. But there are things you can do now to optimize your health and reduce your risk of problems.

“We’re increasing our understanding of the toxins in our environment. Our environment has become more toxic, and that’s a challenge to our health,” Dr. Ovadia says. “The best thing for people to do is to control what you can control. What are you eating? What are you using on your body? What is your lifestyle like? How active are you?”

Where do microplastics come from? What harm can they do?

Dr. Ovadia says microplastics can be purposefully manufactured as part of a product. Toothpaste and skin exfoliants are examples. Or, microplastics can occur when larger plastic products, like water bottles, break down. The microplastics can then get into our environment, such as ocean water or our foods and drinks.

“There’s even some evidence that these things can spread in the air, and we can breathe them in,” Dr. Ovadia adds.

Dr. Ovadia points to three areas where ingesting microplastics could be cause for concern.

Intestines: Dr. Ovadia says microplastics can irritate our intestines, leading to inflammation of tissue and a condition called leaky gut.
“That’s when we get a breakdown of the barrier that lines our intestines. That allows some things in our food that aren’t supposed to get across into our bloodstream to get into the bloodstream. Many of these things set off inflammation in the body,” Dr. Ovadia says.
Endocrine system: Dr. Ovadia says microplastics may have negative effects on testosterone in men and estrogen and progesterone in women. This could mean reduced muscle mass and libido for men. For women, it could mean changes in the menstrual cycle, an increased infertility risk and, for young women, earlier start of puberty.
Blood vessels: Dr. Ovadia points to a 2024 study where experts looked at plaque removed from the carotid artery (located in the neck) of study participants.
“For over half of the people, there was evidence of microplastics in those plaques. Furthermore for the people who had those microplastics, over the next three years they had a four-and-a-half times increased risk for a heart attack, a stroke or dying,” Dr. Ovadia says.
“It doesn’t prove that the plastics are causing the problems,” Dr. Ovadia adds. “But it’s certainly concerning data. And I, as a heart surgeon, start to worry. If we see these in plaques in arteries in the neck, are they also in the plaques in arteries of the heart patients I operate on?”

Warming up food in a microwave — Heating food in certain types of plastic containers can be harmful due to the leaching of chemicals into the food. Microwaving food in plastic, especially those not specifically labeled as microwave-safe, can cause chemicals from the plastic to transfer to the food

What should I do?

So, do we need to panic about microplastics? Should the health concerns be akin to smoking?

Not now, Dr. Ovadia says. He reiterates that studies on this topic are in the early stages, and experts don’t fully understand microplastics’ impact on our health.

“It’s an unknown risk at this point,” he says.

But, there are small, everyday steps you can take to reduce the risk of microplastics entering your body.

Drink from a glass or stainless steel bottle, not a plastic bottle.
Use a good water filtration system. That could be built into your home’s water supply, or you could purchase a filter to attach to your faucet or water bottle.
Make food choices that minimize your exposure to plastic wraps and containers. Think the to-go boxes you get at a restaurant. Instead, eat more fresh, non-packaged food. Find these in the outer aisles of the grocery store.
“Eat the things that grow in the ground, and eat the things that eat the things that grow in the ground,” Dr. Ovadia says with a smile. “That’s how I always explain it to people. Try eating more whole, real food. That will minimize your exposure to microplastics.”
Look into the cosmetics and toiletries you use. Dr. Ovadia admits the jargon on a label can be difficult to understand. Instead, research the brands themselves. If, for example, a toothpaste brand is pledging to reduce microplastics in their products, it’s a green flag.

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Guest Commentary |
Bitcoin King: From luxury townhome to jail

by Glenn Mollette, Guest Commentator

Would a million dollars make you happy? Would you be satisfied knowing you could eat well and do whatever you wanted? A million dollars isn’t what it used to be, but it’s still a huge sum of money. You could earn about $40,000 a year in interest. But wait—what if you had $100 million? You would be one of the richest people in the world! Can your mind even comprehend having that much money? Would you be satisfied? What about $100 million in bitcoin?

Apparently, it wasn’t enough for John Woeltz of Paducah, Kentucky, known as the “Crypto King of Kentucky.” He wanted \$30 million more in bitcoin—even if it meant stealing it from an acquaintance.

Woeltz and his business partner, William Duplessie, are accused of holding a man from Italy hostage for 17 days. They are alleged to have beaten him, cut him with a chainsaw, dangled him over a staircase, and kept him bound, among other torturous acts.

The victim reportedly owns $30 million in bitcoin, while Woeltz is said to control over $100 million in the cryptocurrency.

According to reports, Woeltz and Duplessie lured the Italian man to the U.S. under the pretense of a bitcoin trading deal, which turned out to be a setup for an attempted robbery. The pair wanted access to the man’s bitcoin password.

Eventually, the man reportedly gave Woeltz the password. When Woeltz left briefly to retrieve his laptop, the victim seized the opportunity and bolted out the door, seeking help from a New York City traffic officer walking down the street.

Woeltz and Duplessie now face the possibility of spending years in prison, paying millions in legal fees, and being sued by the victim—who could ultimately gain a significant portion of their wealth.

The bottom line: Be satisfied with what you have. Don’t covet what belongs to someone else. Trying to obtain another person’s money or property through illegal or immoral means only leads to painful consequences.

Evil never stops at level one or two—it always pushes further into debasement and depravity. A person who starts out stealing pennies may eventually steal dollars, doing whatever it takes to satisfy their growing thirst for more.

Many serial killers began with what seemed like minor crimes, but their actions escalated into hurting people, eventually developing into a thirst for murder.

Sow a thought, reap an act. Sow an act, reap a lifestyle. Sow a lifestyle, reap a destiny.

News sources report that Woeltz owns a jet and a helicopter. He was renting a six-floor luxury townhome in New York City for $30,000 a month—the site of the alleged kidnapping. Today, he and Duplessie sit in a New York City jail.

About the author ~

Glen Mollett is the author of 13 books including Uncommom Sense, the Spiritual Chocolate series, Grandpa's Store, Minister's Guidebook insights from a fellow minister. His column is published weekly in over 600 publications in all 50 states.

The views expressed are those of the author and are not necessarily representative of any other group or organization. We welcome comments and views from our readers. Submit your letters to the editor or commentary on a current event 24/7 to editor@oursentinel.com.

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Updated: Urbana to host two 'NO KINGS' protests on June 14

Urbana will host a "NO KINGS" on June 14, part of a national day of protest against authoritarianism. Organizers say the protests aim to defend democratic values on Flag Day.

Editor's Note: We just learned there will be only one rally on June 14 in Urbana, starting at 4pm. Originally, this story, as left intact below, noted there would be two separate protests.

URBANA - Two “NO KINGS” rallies are planned in Urbana on June 14, Flag Day, as part of a nationwide protest timed to coincide with President Donald Trump’s 79th birthday and the U.S. Army’s 250th anniversary.

Photo: Vivien/Pixabay

The first rally will take place from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. at Meadowbrook Park, 2808 S. Race St., and is one of more than a dozen events scheduled in downstate Illinois to denounce what organizers describe as a growing threat of authoritarianism in American politics.

“In America, we don’t put up with would-be kings,” reads the event description. “NO KINGS is a national day of action in response to increasing authoritarian excesses and corruption from Trump and his allies.”

The day of action continues from 4 to 6 p.m. at the Champaign County Courthouse in downtown Urbana. That protest is organized by Champaign County Indivisible, 50501 Illinois, and the Party for Socialism and Liberation - Central Illinois. Organizers are encouraging participants to bring signs, water, and a shared commitment to democratic values.

“Bring a desire to maintain our democracy,” reads the event post. “We already fought one war to oust a king. The United States does NOT HAVE A KING!!”

After the courthouse protest, a free community dinner will be served at 6 p.m. at the Urbana-Champaign Independent Media Center in Lincoln Square Mall, sponsored by the Party for Socialism and Liberation.

June 14 holds multiple historical ties. It is officially recognized as Flag Day in the United States, commemorating the adoption of the national flag in 1777. The date also marks the death of Revolutionary War traitor Benedict Arnold, 224 years ago. Despite President Trump’s participation in Army birthday celebrations in Washington, which will include a parade and fireworks, the Army told Reuters it has no official plans to recognize the president’s birthday during the observance.

Organizers of the NO KINGS events say they are responding to what they view as attacks on free speech, judicial independence, and democratic institutions. The coordinated rallies seek to affirm public opposition to executive overreach and political repression.

Here is a list of additional NO KINGS protest in downstate:

NO KINGS Quad Cities IL/IA
Schwiebert Riverfront Park, 101 17th St, Rock Island, IL
June 14, 1 PM - 3 PM CDT
Hosted by Indivisible QC https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/790829/

NO KINGS Macomb, Illinois
Macomb, IL
June 14
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/786088/

NO KINGS Ottawa, IL
Ottawa, IL
June 14
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/790175/

NO KINGS Yorkville
North Bridge Street N Bridge St, Yorkville, IL
June 14 11AM – 3PM
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/792577/

NO KINGS Springfield, IL
401 S 2nd St, Springfield, IL
June 14 11AM – 3PM
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/792965/

NO KINGS Bloomington, IL
600 N East St, Bloomington, IL
June 14 12PM – 1PM
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/793601/

NO KINGS Ogle County
Ogle County Circuit Clerk, 106 S 5th St, Oregon, IL
June 14, 3 PM - 5 PM CDT
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/791484/

NO KINGS MASS PROTEST: ST LOUIS MARCH for DEMOCRACY
Kiener Plaza, Downtown St. Louis, MO
June 14, 2 PM - 5 PM CDT
Hosted by 50501 and Show Me Action https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/793460/

NO KINGS - South County St. Louis
Intersection of S. Lindbergh and Baptist Church, 5330 S Lindbergh Blvd, Sappington, MO
June 14, 11 AM - 1 PM CDT
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/784867/

NO KINGS : Southern Illinois
Carbondale Civic Center, 200 N Illinois Ave, Carbondale, IL
June 14, 1 PM - 3 PM CDT
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/787389/

NO KINGS Cape Girardeau
Cape Girardeau, MO
June 14
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/786583/

NO KINGS Macoupin County Courthouse - Carlinville, IL
Macoupin County Courthouse, 201 E Main St, Carlinville, IL 62626
June 14 2PM – 4PM
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/793360/

NO KINGS Belleville, IL
Downtown Belleville around the Square Fountain, 10 Public Square,
Belleville, IL 62220
June 14 2PM – 4PM
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/789609/

Alton People's United Lovejoy Monument, 1205 E 5th St, Alton, IL 62002
June 14 10AM – 12PM
Volunteer organized https://www.mobilize.us/nokings/event/791555/

U.S. Supreme Court agrees to hear Illinois congressman’s appeal of mail-in voting

Lower courts ruled downstate Republican representative Bost lacked standing to sue. It’s not clear when the nation’s high court will hear Bost’s case. The court is scheduled to begin hearing oral arguments in October.

by Ben Szalinski
Capitol News Illinois

SPRINGFIELD - The U.S. Supreme Court agreed Monday to hear an appeal on a lawsuit led by Illinois Republican U.S. Rep. Mike Bost challenging Illinois’ mail-in voting law.

Bost and a pair of Illinois primary delegates for President Donald Trump sued the Illinois State Board of Elections in 2022, arguing that the state’s law allowing mail-in ballots to be counted after Election Day violates the federal law establishing an “Election Day.” Both a lower federal trial court and federal appeals court have ruled Bost lacked standing to sue.

The Supreme Court said its ruling will focus on whether Bost, of Murphysboro, in his role as a political candidate has legal grounds to sue over a state’s election law, rather than if Illinois’ mail-in voting law is legal, because the appeal challenges lower court rulings that Bost did not legal grounds to sue.

U.S. Rep. Mike Bost at a photo gaggle in 2024 — U.S. Rep. Mike Bost, a Murphysboro Republican, speaks to reporters in Milwaukee following an event with Illinois Republicans during the Republican National Convention in July 2024.

A favorable ruling for Bost by the Supreme Court could force lower courts to issue a ruling about Illinois’ law.

“With the American people’s confidence in our elections at a discouraging low point, it’s more important than ever we work to restore their trust,” Bost said in a statement. “I believe a big part of that effort is ensuring all votes are tallied by Election Day, not days or weeks later. I am thankful the U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to hear my appeal of Illinois’ election law.”

Judicial Watch argues costs for campaigns to monitor ballot counting beyond Election Day constitute harm to candidates for public office that must be addressed by the court.

It’s not clear when the nation’s high court will hear Bost’s case. The court is scheduled to begin hearing oral arguments in October.

Under Illinois law, ballots postmarked by Election Day can be counted as late as 14 days after the election as they arrive at local election offices. Bost’s case argues this violates the federal law establishing Election Day by allowing votes to arrive and be counted for two weeks after the polls close.

After the unfavorable lower court rulings, Judicial Watch kept the fight going to the U.S. Supreme Court after appealing in November. The conservative legal group cited conflicting rulings on mail-in voting in other states and said Bost’s case is “an ideal vehicle” for the nation’s high court to decide whether ballots can be counted after Election Day.

The filing cited numerous cases from 2020 challenging election laws and outcomes, some of which Judicial Watch was a part of, in efforts to block the counting of mail-in ballots.

“It is an injustice that the courts would deny a federal candidate the ability to challenge an election provision that could lead to illegal votes being cast and counted for two weeks after Election Day,” Judicial Watch President Tom Fitton said in a statement.

Judicial Watch argues costs for campaigns to monitor ballot counting beyond Election Day constitute harm to candidates for public office that must be addressed by the court. But the Illinois State Board of Elections via the attorney general’s office argued Judicial Watch fails to show Bost negatively suffered because of Illinois’ law, and Bost’s case would not be the right case for the court to use to review mail-in voting laws.

Winning elections has not been a problem for Bost.

“Petitioners have never advanced any allegations that Illinois’s ballot receipt deadline might materially impact their likelihood of prevailing in any election,” the board argued.

In a response filing to the board’s request for the court to dismiss the case, Judicial Watch argued the Board of Elections has warned ahead of elections that apparent leads in vote totals can change as late-arriving ballots are counted, meaning election results can change negatively for Bost.

But the State Board of Elections argued Illinois’ mail-in voting law doesn’t directly regulate candidates.

“Illinois’s ballot receipt deadline does not regulate petitioners directly as political candidates; it simply recognizes the reality that ballots cast by mail may be delayed,” the board argued.

Winning elections has not been a problem for Bost. He has represented the 12th Congressional District in southern Illinois since 2015 and was reelected in 2024 with nearly 75% of the vote. His district did change slightly in redistricting after the 2020 census.

Judicial Watch said it worried “illegal votes could diminish his margin of victory” and make it appear that he is growing more unpopular with his constituents. The organization also argued Bost filed this case to preemptively correct perceived issues with the vote by mail law.

Republicans in Illinois and at the national level embraced mail-in voting in the 2024 election cycle after pushing back against it in recent years. The Illinois Republican Party joined the Republican National Committee’s “bank your vote” initiative, which encouraged reliable Republican voters to vote early or by mail so campaign resources could be focused on turning out people who were on the fence about voting or who were undecided.

Capitol News Illinois is a nonprofit, nonpartisan news service that distributes state government coverage to hundreds of news outlets statewide. It is funded primarily by the Illinois Press Foundation and the Robert R. McCormick Foundation.

Capitol News Illinois,Federal Supreme Court,Supreme Court,Elections,General Election,Voting Laws,Mail-In Voting

Book Review |
Sky High: A Soaring History of Aviation

This large, beautifully illustrated book invites children (and their parents) to discover how humans dreamed, designed, and finally took to the skies. It includes a thoughtful mix of facts, cartoons, and imaginative scenes from aviation history. Moms will appreciate the educational content, while kids will love the pictures and fun facts.

by Esther Aardsma

Humans have dreamed of flying since the beginning of time. Now that transcontinental air travel is common, flight is often taken for granted. Sky High: A Soaring History of Aviation by Jacek Ambrożewski traces the grand story of humanity's pursuit of flight, beginning with ancient legends passed down through cultures and ending with the historic journey of the solar-powered plane Solar Impulse 2 in 2015–2016. Originally published in Poland in 2022 in Ambrożewski’s native Polish, Sky High was released in the U.S. in 2023 following a translation by Zosia Krasodomska-Jones.

Sky High is a large-format book, approximately fourteen by twenty inches, containing 106 thick, durable pages. Although packed with facts that could easily overwhelm, the book remains engaging through whimsical cartoons and simple diagrams presented in soft, basic color palettes. Ambrożewski’s illustrations strike a balance between informative detail and playful levity—even when exploring topics like warplanes and military technology.

Ambrożewski briefly covers evolution, dinosaurs, and “millions of years.” He also explores various cultural myths and legends about flight, including Camazotz, the Mayan bat god of the underworld; Bladud, a king who allegedly leapt from a tower wearing wings; witches’ broomsticks and magic carpets; and Sumerian King Etana, who is said to have ridden an eagle to gather herbs from the gods.

A few illustrations show a man with his arm around a woman. One section depicts a muscular man working while wearing only shorts. Another frame shows a pilot using a specially designed toilet seat, with a newspaper concealing all but his hairy knees. A separate passage explains how modern flight suits include sponge systems for pilots needing to relieve themselves mid-flight.

Dogfights are mentioned throughout, and the illustrations show smoking planes spiraling to the ground, though they are bloodless and do not show close-ups of pilots. The Hindenburg disaster is briefly addressed, noting that “many people died and the disaster meant the end of the line for giant airships.” The accompanying cartoon shows the burning dirigible in the background behind a distressed man.

Two pages focus on the devastation caused by bombs dropped from planes, especially during World War II. One panel shows an atomic bomb explosion; others depict sorrowful figures amid ruined, smoldering cities. “While the history of aviation has led to an incredible amount of progress,” Ambrożewski writes, “it’s important to remember that it also has a dark side.” This wartime content, however, is a small portion of the overall book, which continues with captivating stories of technological breakthroughs in cargo planes, passenger jets, paragliders, helicopters, ultralight airplanes, and more.

This is a book to get pleasantly lost in for hours. Any child—and many adults—interested in air travel will enjoy Sky High. There is plenty to read for older kids and grown-ups, and pre-readers will find the illustrations fun and engaging. Even readers who aren’t plane enthusiasts may find their imaginations taking flight.

Esther Aardsma, a Champaign County native, currently resides in Thomasboro with her busy family. When she can, she pursues her passion for creativity, especially with words--and shares that love through editing, coaching one-on-one, and teaching classes.

Tagged: children's illustrated aviation history book, Jacek Ambrożewski Sky High review, flight myths and legends for kids, aviation books for curious young readers, translated Polish children's books 2023, books for kids who love airplanes and history

Amid uncertainty in Washington, Illinois lawmakers pass slimmed-down Medicaid package

Lawmakers in Springfield passed a slimmed-down Medicaid omnibus bill this year as state budget constraints and federal funding uncertainties loomed large.

by Peter Hancock
Capitol News Illinois

SPRINGFIELD - Nearly every year, Illinois lawmakers pass a package of measures dealing with the state’s Medicaid program, the joint federal and state health care program that covers low-income individuals.

Known as the Medicaid omnibus bill, it sometimes includes bold components, like a 2021 initiative that made millions of dollars available to local communities to help them plan and design their own health care delivery systems. Other packages have focused on smaller changes like guaranteeing coverage for specific conditions and medications or adjusting reimbursement rates for different categories of health care providers.

Illinois state news

And most years, the packages receive bipartisan support because they are negotiated, largely behind closed doors, by an unofficial, bipartisan Medicaid Working Group.

This year, however, lawmakers passed one of the narrowest packages in recent memory, due mainly to the Trump administration’s vows to make sweeping cuts in federal funding for the program while state lawmakers faced their own set of budget constraints.

“There were many, many, very worthy program expansions, rate increases that we considered during this process that we were unable to include because of the uncertainty in Washington,” Rep. Anna Moeller, D-Elgin, the current chair of the Medicaid Working Group, said on the House floor Saturday.

The Illinois Medicaid program currently costs about $33.7 billion a year, according to the Department of Healthcare and Family Services. Of that, $20.9 billion, or about 62%, comes from the federal government while much of the state’s share comes from taxes levied on hospitals, nursing homes and managed care organizations – money the state uses to draw down federal matching funds.

The program covers nearly 3.5 million people in Illinois, or about a quarter of the state’s population. According to the nonpartisan health policy think tank KFF, the program pays for 40% of all child births in Illinois while covering 69% of all nursing home residents.

This year’s Medicaid omnibus bill, a 231-page amendment inserted into Senate Bill 2437, contains items that could be hugely beneficial to many Medicaid enrollees, but which don’t carry large price tags. In fact, the entire package is estimated to cost just under $1 million.

One of this year’s additions would make it easier for family members of medically fragile children who qualify for in-home nursing care to receive training to become certified family health aides, a designation that would enable them to administer medications, help with feeding and perform many of the same tasks as a certified nursing assistant.

Another provision would require all hospitals with licensed obstetric beds and birthing centers to adopt written policies that permit patients to have an Illinois Medicaid certified doula of their choosing to accompany them and provide support before, during and after labor and delivery.

Although those provisions enjoyed bipartisan support, another provision that extends coverage to certain categories of noncitizens drew Republican opposition Saturday, resulting in a partisan roll call vote.

The program covers noncitizens who meet the income requirements for Medicaid and have pending applications for asylum in the United States or for special visas as victims of trafficking, torture or other serious crimes. Those individuals can receive coverage for up to 24 months, provided they continue to meet the eligibility requirements.

Moeller said the language was not a new extension of health care benefits to noncitizens, but instead a “technical and administrative fix” to an existing program that had been requested by the Department of Healthcare and Family Services.

But for Republicans, the programs sounded too similar to the more controversial programs, Health Benefits for Immigrant Seniors and Health Benefits for Immigrant Adults, that extend health care to a large category of people who are not U.S. citizens, including some who are in the country illegally.

“For us on this side of the aisle, that is the poison pill,” said Rep. Norine Hammond, R-Macomb, the deputy House minority leader. “So in spite of the fact that we have article after article in here, that is very worthy of a yes vote, I would urge a no vote.”

At Gov. JB Pritzker’s request, the budget bill lawmakers passed Saturday night cancels the program for immigrant adults, which had covered about 31,000 noncitizens age 42-64. But it provides $110 million over the next year, all in state funds, for the immigrant seniors program, which covers about 8,900 noncitizens age 65 and over.

The Medicaid bill passed the House late Saturday night, 76-39. It then passed the Senate shortly after midnight, 36-19.

It next goes to Pritzker’s desk for his consideration.

Opening your home, opening your world: Families invited to host exchange students this fall

Throughout the school year, exchange students attend a local high school, participate in community life, and immerse themselves in American customs.

Photo: African Student Association/Unsplash

As families across the country plan for the school year ahead, one nonprofit is inviting them to take part in a cultural exchange that reaches far beyond the classroom. World Heritage International Student Exchange Programs is currently seeking host families willing to welcome international students into their homes for the upcoming school year.

The experience is more than just providing a bed and meals—it’s a chance to share daily life, build lifelong friendships, and foster deeper understanding between cultures. Students, aged 15 to 18, come from over 60 countries, including France, Japan, Italy, Australia, and Denmark. They are carefully selected for their academic performance, English proficiency, and strong personal character.

Five really good reasons to be a host:

1. Cultural Enrichment at Home

You don’t have to travel the world to experience it. Hosting a student brings another culture straight into your living room. Experience new foods, new traditions, even fun phrases in a different language.

2. Lasting International Friendships

You’re not just hosting a student, you’re gaining a new family member. Many families stay in touch for years, visiting each other and celebrating milestones from across the globe.

3. Personal Growth and Family Connection

Welcoming someone new into your space teaches patience and understanding. It often brings families closer together as you all work as a team to make the experience great.

4. Educational Opportunities for All

Your kids (and you!) can learn so much just by chatting at the dinner table. Exchange students bring new perspectives that can spark great conversations and open up your view of the world.

5. Giving Back Without Financial Strain

You provide the home and meals, and the student covers their own spending money and insurance. It’s a rewarding way to make a difference—without breaking the bank.

Host families are diverse and can include empty nesters, single parents, same-sex couples, retirees, or young professionals. What they all share is a willingness to provide a safe, supportive environment that offers encouragement and cultural exchange. The students arrive with their own spending money and health insurance, making hosting financially accessible to most households.

Throughout the school year, exchange students attend a local high school, participate in community life, and immerse themselves in American customs while also sharing their own. For many families, the experience brings a new level of global awareness right into the living room.

In addition to hosting opportunities, World Heritage also connects American students with similar experiences abroad through its study programs, offering them a chance to explore life in another country for a summer, semester, or school year.

Families interested in hosting or exploring study abroad programs can visit www.host.world-heritage.org or contact Debra Garbon at (800) 888-9040 or info@worldheritage.org for more information.

Tagged: how to host an international exchange student, cultural exchange programs for American families, student exchange host family opportunities, benefits of hosting foreign exchange students, nonprofit student exchange programs in the U.S., World Heritage International host family info, exchange students and American high schools

Don't forget the tip: Why your hotel housekeeper deserves a little extra during your stay

Just like tipping a server or barista, tipping your housekeeper is part of good travel etiquette.

Tourist heading to their hotel room

Asad Photo Maldives

Taking off to vacation for a few weeks is great for stress release, getting to know a loved one better, and good overall for mental health. While you are relaxing and decompressing from all that ails you, remember there is someone working hard to make your stay comfortable and enjoyable.

Vacation season is here, and travelers everywhere are packing bags, booking hotel rooms, and looking forward to a break. But while you’re relaxing poolside or enjoying a freshly made bed, there’s someone working hard behind the scenes to make your stay more comfortable: your hotel housekeeper.

Most guests don’t think twice about tipping a server at a restaurant or a driver for a ride, but many forget or don’t realize that housekeeping staff also deserve recognition for their work. Leaving a few dollars behind in your hotel room might not seem like much, but to a housekeeper, it can be a meaningful boost in both income and morale.

Why Your Tip Matters More Than Ever

In this environment of staffing shortages, increased workloads, and ongoing wage struggles, tipping isn’t just a nicety, it’s a real way to make a difference.

1. Housekeepers Work Hard

Cleaning multiple rooms a day is physically demanding. It requires speed, strength, and attention to detail. A small tip is a simple way to acknowledge that hard work.

2. They’re Not Paid Much

For workers earning close to minimum wage, tips can make the difference between getting by and falling behind.

3. They Make Your Stay More Comfortable

From fresh towels to clean sheets to a spotless bathroom, housekeepers create the environment that makes your hotel room feel like a break from the real world.

4. Tips Encourage Better Morale

A few dollars shows someone that their effort is seen and appreciated. That’s powerful motivation—especially in a job that can feel invisible.

5. It’s a Common Courtesy

Just like tipping a server or barista, tipping your housekeeper is part of good travel etiquette. Many travelers leave $2–$5 per night. If you’re staying multiple days, consider tipping daily, as the staff may rotate.

A small gesture with a big impact

It might seem like a small thing, but leaving a tip for your housekeeper helps support the people who make your trip more enjoyable. At a time when housekeepers are doing more work for the same (or even less) pay, your gratitude makes a real impact.

Photo:Liliana Drew/PEXELS

Hotel housekeepers work hard to make the guest experience pleasant. Unfortunately, during peak travel months they can be overworked and underappreciated.

And in today’s hospitality industry, where housekeepers are more overworked and under-supported than ever, that small gesture matters even more.

The hidden workers who keep hotels running

Hotel housekeepers are the backbone of the guest experience. They clean 10 to 15 rooms per shift working under tight time constraints and physically demanding conditions. With the chronic understaffing in the industry today, they typically clean even more. They lift heavy linens, scrub bathroom floors, replace used items, and sanitize spaces to keep guests safe and comfortable.

Despite this essential role, housekeepers are among the lowest-paid workers in the hospitality sector, often earning between $8 to $15 an hour, depending on the region. Many rely on tips to help cover basic needs like groceries, gas, and childcare.

And yet, unlike other roles in hospitality, housekeepers usually work in the background. Guests rarely see them, and because of that, their work often goes unnoticed or unappreciated.

How the pandemic changed everything

When the COVID-19 pandemic swept across the United States in 2020, the hotel industry was one of the hardest-hit sectors. At its worst, an estimated 70% of all hotel staffs was reportedly laid off or placed on leave, leading to nearly 400,000 jobs vanishing between February 2020 and August 2022.

The upheaval pushed many hospitality workers to rethink their career paths. Tired of low pay, long hours, and unpredictable schedules, many moved into retail, warehouse jobs, or started small businesses where working conditions were more stable and allowed for more time to engage in social activities or raise families.

Today, the effects are still being felt.

A recent survey by the American Hotel & Lodging Association revealed that nearly 90% of U.S. hotels face a staffing shortage, and more than a third are dealing with severe understaffing. Housekeeping is the most affected area with 43% of hotels reporting it as the hardest role to fill. An estimated 115,000 hotel jobs remain unfilled since the initial pandemic cuts.

That shortage means fewer hands to do more work and more pressure on the housekeepers who continue to work hard to keep up on the daily demand.

Immigration crackdowns and staffing issues

The problem didn’t start with the pandemic. Years of immigration crackdowns, especially during the Trump administration, added to the industry’s hiring struggles. The hospitality sector, especially housekeeping, has long relied on immigrant labor, including many undocumented workers.

Photo: Rodrigo Salomón Cañas/Pixabay

A 2020 report by the Center for Migration Studies of New York estimated that U.S. hotels employed about 137,000 undocumented immigrants. But with heightened threats of deportation and anti-immigrant rhetoric, many left the workforce or the country altogether.

According to Business Travel News, industry leaders say that these immigration policies worsened existing labor shortages. Even in 2024, hotel employment remains roughly 200,000 jobs short of pre-COVID levels.

So before you check out of your next hotel room, take a moment to say thank you. Leave a few dollars on the nightstand with a quick note if you like. It’s not just a kind gesture, it’s a small way to let the staff know that you appreciated their work in making your stay clean and comfortable. For many, your tip is a show of respect and compassion for the essential workers who work hard behind the scenes.

Tagged: Travel, Vacation Travel, Summer Vacation, Hotel Housekeeping, Hospitality Industry

Brian E. Smith captures 400m state title, cements sprint legacy for North Shore Country Day

Smith became just the third individual state champion in school history for North Shore Country Day. Senior medaled in three events at Saturday's state track finals.

Brian E. Smith acknowledges the roar of the crowd after winning the 400m Dash at state — North Shore Country Day's Brian E. Smith turns to acknowledge the roar of the crowd after winning the Class 1A 400m Dash title on Saturday at the IHSA Boys Track & Field State Finals in Charleston.

CHARLESTON - North Shore Country Day senior Brian E. Smith II closed out his high school track career with a historic finish at the IHSA Track and Field State Finals, held May 29–31 at Eastern Illinois University. Smith claimed the Class 1A state championship in the 400-meter dash, turning in a winning time of 48.47 seconds, good for the third-fastest 400m time across all three IHSA classes.

With the title, Smith became just the third individual state champion in school history for North Shore Country Day, a private school of just over 500 students in Winnetka. His performance came during what proved to be one of the driest and mildest weather weekends the state finals have seen since the COVID-19 pandemic.

Smith advanced to the 400m finals after posting his personal-best time of 48.12 seconds in Thursday’s qualifying round. In the championship race, he outran Gibson City-Melvin-Sibley’s Evan Landers-Kristensen, who placed second at 49.06 seconds, and Casey-Westfield’s Hayden Parcel, who took third in 49.36.

Brian E. Smith runs in heat 2 of the 100m dash at state — Running past Cumberland's Reid Carlen, Smith runs to a second place finish in heat 2 of the 100m Dash prelims on Thursday. He qualified for the championship race with the sixth fastest time at 10.89 after running a 11.10 at sectionals. Read more 2025 Sentinel state track coverage here.

Smith also competed in the 100-meter and 200-meter dashes, placing in both to cap a rare triple-threat showing. In the 100m final, he finished fifth with a time of 10.99 seconds. Morrison junior Brady Anderson won the event in 10.74, followed by Lena-Winslow’s Alec Schlichting (10.78), Morrison’s Levi Milder (10.92), and Red Bud’s Gavin Baldwin (10.96).

Later in the day, Smith took on the 200m dash and finished seventh with a time of 22.19. Milder secured his second gold medal of the meet with a personal-best 21.44 in the event.

Brian E. Smith at the top of the podium for the 400m Dash

Photo: Sentinel/Clark Brooks

Smith stands above the 400m Dash finalist during the awards

Smith was one of only two athletes in the state to place in all three sprint events—an accomplishment that underscored his consistency, versatility, and determination in a highly competitive field.

North Shore Country Day’s representation at the state meet wasn’t limited to Smith. Sophomore Kaeden Ackley advanced to compete in the triple jump, gaining valuable experience on the big stage. On the girls’ side, junior Reese Meyers earned a sixth-place finish in the Class 1A 400-meter dash a week earlier, clocking in at 57.94.

“We’re incredibly proud of all three student-athletes for representing North Shore on such a competitive level,” said Athletic Director and coach Patrick McHugh. “It was truly an amazing performance.”

Smith’s 400m state title marked a memorable conclusion to a spring season built on personal milestones, steady progress, and a strong sense of school pride.

Brian E. Smith races past the competition in the prelims at state — Smith crosses the finish line the Class 1A 200m Dash prelims. The senior and one other runner ran in all three short-distance races in the 2025 state finals.

Tagged:North Shore Country Track & Field, State Track, Boys Track & Field, State Champion, Class 1A Sprinter

If you love food, here are the top cities you need to move to this year

If you enjoy eating and tasting unique flavors from around the world. Here are five cities that should be at the top of your list.

For anyone who truly enjoys good food, choosing where to live can shape everyday happiness. Certain places offer incredible meals on every corner, from street stalls to high-end restaurants. Finding cities you should move to if you love food means looking for diversity, quality, and unique local flavors.

These five cities provide not only delicious dishes but also food experiences that can inspire and satisfy all tastes. So, whether it’s fresh seafood, exotic spices, or creative culinary twists, the right city can turn eating into an exciting adventure every day.

New York City: A global feast for every taste

New York City offers endless dining options from every corner of the world. Street vendors, diners, and fine dining restaurants fill the city’s neighborhoods with rich flavors. Home-cooked meals and famous food markets both play important roles here. Many recipes and food traditions bring the family together during special occasions or simple weeknight dinners.

Food carts in New York offer great price and delicious food when you are on the go.

The city’s energy pushes chefs to innovate while honoring classic dishes. Whether craving a slice of pizza or a Michelin-starred experience, choices are endless. New Yorkers enjoy a fast pace, but good food always finds time. This city invites food lovers to explore constantly and enjoy new culinary discoveries every day.

San Francisco: A Food Lover’s Dream with a Unique Local Flavor

San Francisco delivers a vibrant food scene that blends tradition with innovation. From fresh seafood by the bay to globally inspired flavors shaped by its diverse communities, the city offers something for every palate. But beyond the food itself, settling here involves more than just eating well.

To truly make San Francisco feel like home, explore neighborhoods until you find one that fits your lifestyle, get familiar with nearby shops and cafes, and connect with people who share your interests. Local farmers markets, food trucks, and neighborhood eateries aren’t just about meals—they’re ways to build routine and community. Embracing the city’s culture through its food can help you feel grounded in your new surroundings. Whether you’re tasting iconic sourdough or discovering a new fusion dish, San Francisco turns everyday dining into a way to belong.

Japanese street food vendor cooking yakitori

Tokyo: Tradition meets modern flavors

Tokyo offers an impressive mix of food experiences that draws many people in. This city combines ancient recipes with innovative twists. So, if you ever decide to come to or live in this city, here are some highlights you should be aware of:

Fresh sushi from the Tsukiji market
Authentic ramen shops in every neighborhood
Street food like takoyaki and yakitori
Elegant kaiseki dining that honors seasonal ingredients
Trendy cafes offering unique desserts and drinks

Among the cities you should move to if you love food, Tokyo ranks high for its balance of tradition and new tastes. The food culture encourages trying something different daily. Exploring local markets and small eateries leads to surprising discoveries. The city’s culinary world invites those seeking variety, quality, and rich flavors all in one place. It offers a constant flow of fresh ideas alongside deep-rooted customs.

Bangkok: The heart of street food delights

Bangkok offers an exciting street food scene filled with bold, spicy flavors. Food stalls and markets serve authentic dishes like pad Thai, green curry, and mango sticky rice. The city’s food culture emphasizes freshness and bold tastes. Food lovers often seek out perfectly grilled seafood, a local specialty found in many night markets. Walking through neighborhoods, aromas of herbs and spices fill the air.

Bangkok’s food options cater to all budgets and cravings. Exploring small eateries reveals recipes passed down for generations. The city’s fast pace contrasts with the relaxed way food is enjoyed. Every meal feels like a celebration of rich ingredients and local traditions. Bangkok remains a top choice for those eager to experience flavorful street food and authentic Thai cuisine.

Barcelona: One of the best Cities you should move to if you love food

Barcelona offers diverse food experiences that excite every palate. The city mixes old recipes with modern twists. With that said, here are some foods that food lovers in Barcelona should try:

Traditional tapas like patatas bravas and jamón ibérico
Fresh seafood dishes from the Mediterranean coast
Seasonal Catalan specialties made with local ingredients
Creative plates at new, affordable eateries
Sweet treats such as crème Catalana

The city continues to attract chefs who respect traditions while adding new flavors. Exploring markets like La Boqueria reveals a wide range of fresh produce and spices. Barcelona’s food scene invites curiosity and rewards every visit with delicious discoveries. This city combines a rich culinary history with a growing number of exciting new restaurants. It makes dining here both familiar and surprising, perfect for food lovers ready to explore.

How to find a great city for food lovers

Finding the right city for food lovers means looking beyond famous dishes and trends. Start by exploring local markets and street food options where simple meals, like potato salad, reveal regional flavors. Next, check for a variety of restaurants that offer both traditional recipes and creative new dishes. Pay attention to places with fresh ingredients and a culture that values cooking. Also, consider cities where food brings people together regularly, whether for casual bites or festive meals.

Reading reviews and food blogs helps spot hidden gems. Finally, experiencing the city’s food firsthand through visits or tasting tours reveals what makes each place special for food lovers. This approach ensures the choice fits personal tastes and offers daily culinary adventures.

Discover your next food destination

Finding the best cities you should move to if you love food means looking beyond just a meal. These places offer the chance to explore new tastes, try fresh ingredients, and enjoy cooking traditions that keep evolving. Moving to a city with great food means opening the door to endless flavor discoveries and memorable dining moments. For food lovers, location matters as much as passion, and choosing a city with a rich food culture can make every day more enjoyable and full of delicious surprises.

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Challenges to Illinois gun laws could go before the Supreme Court

Arguing the U.S. Supreme Court should have taken the Maryland case, Justice Clarence Thomas wrote AR-15s are arms protected by the Second Amendment.

Woman holding an AR-15 rifle — Supreme Court justice Clarence Thomas wrote: "Our Constitution allows the American people – not the government – to decide which weapons are useful for self-defense." SCOTUS refused to take a look at the issue of states regulating which guns people can or can't own legally.

By Greg Bishop .::. Associate Editor
The Center Square

Challenges to local and state gun bans in Illinois could be the next case in front of the U.S. Supreme court on the “AR-15 issue.”

The U.S. Supreme Court on Monday declined to take up a challenge to Maryland’s ban, The Center Square reported. In the order, Justice Brett Kavanaugh said whether a state can ban an AR-15 is a question he expects the court to take up, but not right now.

“Although the Court today denies certiorari, a denial of certiorari does not mean that the Court agrees with a lower-court decision or that the issue is not worthy of review,” Kavanaugh wrote.

Arguing the U.S. Supreme Court should have taken the Maryland case, Justice Clarence Thomas wrote AR-15s are arms protected by the Second Amendment.

“Tens of millions of Americans own AR–15s, and the ‘overwhelming majority’ of them ‘do so for lawful purposes, including self-defense and target shooting,’” Thomas wrote. “Our Constitution allows the American people – not the government – to decide which weapons are useful for self-defense.”

Second Amendment Foundation’s Alan Gottlieb said the justices had a full docket this term but is confident the issue will be addressed.

“I really like what the Supreme Court justices [had] written,” Gottlieb told The Center Square Tuesday. “That's why I have really good faith that they're going to take another case … The question is when. They really overloaded this session and it's a real problem.”

Kavanaugh noted several other cases pending in the federal appeals courts, including a case challenging Cook County and Illinois’ ban. Gottlieb is a plaintiff in Viramontes v. Cook County.

“It's a great possibility that can be one that gets to the Supreme Court or another case out of Illinois, because there are so many of them,” he said. “They're already even ahead of schedule on that one. It's very likely an Illinois case is what the Supreme Court will hear.”

Monday, the Seventh Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals affirmed the district court’s ruling in favor of the state and the county, queuing the Viramontes case for a possible appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court.

The Southern District case where a judge found the state’s gun ban unconstitutional is pending in the appeals courts with plaintiffs scheduled to file their reply brief Friday.