The Sentinel

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Ask your healthcare provider if a CT calcium screen is right for you

by Tim Ditman
OSF Healthcare

Ash Al-Dadah, MD

URBANA - Here’s something new to bring up the next time you visit your health care provider: Should I undergo a CT calcium score screen to take stock of my heart health? It’s not for everybody, but it could mean the difference between a long, healthy life and finding yourself on an operating table.

“The number one killer in the United States is heart disease,” says Ash Al-Dadah, MD, an interventional cardiologist at OSF HealthCare. “We have to do a better job.

“This calcium scoring is a screening where we may say ‘Hey, you need to exercise more’ or ‘Hey, we just found out you have high blood pressure. Let’s control that.’ or ‘Hey, you’re a smoker. Maybe you need to quit that,’” he adds. “We go after the risk factors that precipitate and lead to heart disease. It’s a wake-up call. Getting ahead of things so you’re not coming in with a heart attack and damage to the heart muscle. At that point, it’s too late.”

The screening

Dr. Al-Dadah says the 15-minute or so, non-invasive procedure is similar to other CT [computed tomography] scans. “A fancy X-ray,” he calls it. You lie down, and a doughnut-looking device surrounds you and takes pictures of your heart.

“The arteries in our heart are supposed to be flesh and appear gray [on the imaging]. As we roll the body through the scan, we want to see all gray,” Dr. Al-Dadah explains. “But if there’s hardening and plaque formation in the arteries, it will light up as white. That’s because plaque as it ages forms calcification. There are calcium deposits.”

You could be told you’re at low, medium or high risk. Or, providers may look at the results based on your age compared to the typical amount of plaque found in a person of that age.

Put simply: “It’s one way to measure risk for heart disease,” Dr. Al-Dadah says. “The most common heart disease is blocked arteries, leading to a risk for heart attacks and other issues.”Cardiologists and radiologists have a scoring system based on how much plaque is found.

Next steps

Dr. Al-Dadah says if your screen comes back with red flags, you’ll want to see a cardiologist to discuss next steps. That could mean more tests, especially if you have daily symptoms like chest pain or shortness of breath:

A stress test, where you walk and run on a treadmill while providers see how your heart functions.
A coronary angiogram, which provides more comprehensive images of your arteries.
Or, a provider could recommend you get another CT calcium screen in a few years.

Plaque in heart

Other treatment options for milder cases: “Even if your cholesterol level is normal, I could still put you on a medication class called statins. Statins reduce plaque thickness. They stabilize the plaque and reduce the risk for heart attack,” Dr. Al-Dadah outlines.

“I could put you on aspirin. Aspirin will dramatically reduce the risk for a heart attack if you have significant plaque,” he adds.

One other outcome of note: Though rare, Dr. Al-Dadah says your CT calcium screen could come back OK, but you could still have a heart issue soon after. No screening is a silver bullet to keep you 100% healthy, in other words. That’s why it’s important to follow your provider’s recommendations and practice healthy habits, like eating a balanced diet, exercising and ditching the cigarettes.

For me?

Who is this screening intended for? Dr. Al-Dadah says it’s often done on people aged 40 to 65 or people with a family history of heart disease. But, anyone can and should ask their provider about it.

“If you’re 75 and have diabetes,” for example, Dr. Al-Dadah says. “You’re going to have a lot of calcification in the arteries. But it does not signify blockages. It’s just hardening of the arteries that comes with age. But if you’re younger and have that calcification, that’s a marker for risk of heart disease and heart attack.”

Is modern dating really broken? A study says not really

Photo: Nathan Dumlao/Unsplash

(SNS)- Dating has never been easy.

It is hard because it involves navigating a complex mix of emotions, expectations, and external pressures. From high standards and fear of rejection to miscommunication and cultural influences, the challenges vary from person to person and relationship to relations.

Add into the mix social isolation created by technology, pandemic lockdowns and potential partners’ unrealistic expectations from movies and TV shows that show failling in love as effortless and magical, setting unrealistic expectations for real-life relationships. Yeah, finding the love your life is hard.

Pop culture critiques tend to regard today's dating ritual as "broken".

Two studies performed a decade apart found that college students' ideas about romantic relationships have largely remained unchanged over time, according to study leader Brian Ogolsky, a professor of human development and family studies at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.

couple dancing

Photo: Unsplash/Anthony Tran

"College students in our study did not share this perception of dating as a broken system, despite many massive cultural shifts during this decade," Ogolsky said, dispelling the popular myth that today's singles are unability to find a romantic partner because dating culture is 'broken'. "Their perspectives on relationships today aren’t that different from what they were 10 years ago — or even 10 years before that. Instead, young adults are taking more diverse and multifaceted pathways through romantic partnering and considering a broader range of outcomes."

The study asked 250 college students between the ages 18-29 to "describe their thoughts and experiences about the typical initiation and progression of romantic relationships." The initial research started in 2012 and it was ran again in 2021.

Based upon participants’ responses, the researchers identified four stages in relationship development: flirtationship, testing relationship potential, being in a relationship, and commitment.

Commitment or Bust, is the point where a couple agrees to a long-term commitment

Flirtationship is the initial stage where attraction begins, often through flirting and shared interests, either online or in person.

The next step is Testing Relationship Potential, where the couple spends more time together, engages in deep conversations, and determines if they want to pursue a serious relationship, with friendship playing a key role.

When a couple reaches the third stage, their romantic needs have been met and their status as a couple is made official. The "In a Relationship" level usually denotes that mutual boundaries have been defined, such as a commitment to exclusivity and supporting each other emotionally, financially, and in their individual careers. At this point, couples are introducing their partner into their social circles and family.

“Young adults clearly distinguish dating from being in a relationship,” Ogolsky told the Illinois News Bureau. “In our study, we used the term ‘relationship development’ to describe the activities we were investigating, but it became clear that participants did not view early behaviors as part of being in a relationship per se. Instead, they viewed flirting and even dating as part of a broader pattern of interpersonal interaction that may or may not eventually lead to the formation of a relationship.”

Depending on external pressure from family, friends, or their cultural background, the final stage, Commitment or Bust, is the point where a couple agrees to a long-term commitment, either living together or getting married. Or, in the worst case for one or both partners, they may choose to move on in search of their happily ever after with someone else.

Ogolsky speculated that during the ten year period, the rapid growth in social media and dating apps would greatly affect how today's students approached dating.

"When we ask people about relationship prototypes, they’re not talking about technology," he explained. "They’re thinking about relationships in broad strokes. And we found it interesting that the centerpiece of relationships was not dating apps, artificial intelligence or robots or all the other things we may have predicted 25 or 40 years ago."

Traditional relationship milestones like engagement and marriage are no longer seen as necessary next steps these days.

Today, more young adults value the freedom and flexibility of being single, enjoying the ability to make decisions without considering a spouse or partner. Many prioritize bucket lists - travel, personal development, and reaching career goals - before settling into a lifelong commitment.

Observing failed marriages among friends or family members, especially a messy one or two, is powerful deterant. According to the Centers for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), the current divorce rate nationwide is around 42%. The average first marriage lasts about eight years.

Financial instability due to changing career changes, debt, inflation, and student loans payback often delay couples entering into marriage. The cost of a modest wedding for two hundred guests is eye-opening.

Traditional relationship milestones like engagement and marriage are no longer seen as necessary next steps these days. Couples are choosing alternative paths such as cohabitation or long-term partnerships without marriage. While the steps to long-term commitmment may have not deviated that much in the past decade, navigating to that point certainly has.