The Sentinel: Health & Safety

Hidden issues to check before starting home renovations

Photo: PEXELS/JESHOOTS.com

(SNS) - Home renovations can be exciting, promising a fresh new look and improved functionality for your living space. However, beneath the surface, hidden problems can quickly turn a straightforward project into a costly and stressful experience. Identifying these potential issues before starting a home renovation can save both time and money while ensuring a smoother renovation process. Understanding what to check before beginning will help prevent unwelcome surprises along the way.

Structural Weaknesses

One of the most critical aspects to examine before you experiment with more creative renovation projects is the structural integrity of the home. Over time, foundations can shift, walls can develop cracks, and ceilings may sag. If any of these signs are present, consulting with a structural engineer is essential to determine whether reinforcement or repairs are necessary before moving forward with cosmetic changes. Structural issues left unchecked can worsen over time, leading to costly repairs that could have been mitigated earlier in the process.

Plumbing Problems

Old or faulty plumbing can wreak havoc on a renovation if not addressed beforehand. Corroded, leaking, or outdated pipes may be hidden behind walls or under floors. If your home has old galvanized pipes, replace them with modern materials like copper or PEX. Any renovation that involves moving fixtures or installing new appliances should include a thorough plumbing inspection to avoid unexpected water damage down the line. Small leaks may seem insignificant, but over time, they can lead to extensive mold growth, wood rot, and even compromised structural integrity.

Photo: PhotoNews Media/Clark Brooks

Problem plumbing can eventually ruin a nice renovation job. Address even the smallest of leaks as they can lead to bigger problems over time.

Starting a Home Renovation: Electrical Hazards

Outdated electrical wiring poses both a safety hazard and a potential roadblock for your renovation. Older homes may not have the capacity to handle modern electrical loads. This can lead to frequently tripped circuits or even fire risks. Before starting any work, have a licensed electrician assess the wiring, outlets, and breaker panel. This ensures they meet current building codes and can support any new installations. Upgrading the electrical system early on can prevent costly modifications later. It’s best to do this before the walls have been painted and finished.

Storage Considerations During Renovation

Homeowners often underestimate where to store furniture, appliances, and personal belongings while renovations are being done. Cluttered spaces can slow down progress and even lead to accidental damage. You can find lots of home improvement tips and proper storing guides online, on various DIY forums, or on professional moving companies' websites. One such website is Dielman Moving & Storage, where professional movers share their insight to help prepare for a move or store various items properly. This can be especially useful for large-scale renovations where multiple rooms are being remodeled at once.

Hidden Mold and Mildew

Moisture issues can lead to mold growth, which often lurks behind walls, under floors, or in poorly ventilated areas. Before tearing down drywall or pulling up flooring, check for any musty smells, water stains, or signs of mildew. If mold is discovered, it’s crucial to address the source of moisture and properly remediate the problem before proceeding with renovations to prevent health issues and future damage. Mold can spread rapidly and impact indoor air quality, leading to respiratory problems and allergies for the home's occupants.

Pest Infestations

Rodents, termites, and other pests can cause significant damage to a home’s structure and insulation. Signs of infestation include droppings, gnawed wood, and small holes in walls or flooring. Hiring a pest control professional before starting renovations ensures proper handling of infestations, preventing future headaches and costly repairs. Termites, in particular, weaken load-bearing structures, making walls and flooring unsafe if left untreated.

Asbestos and Lead Paint

If your home was built before the 1980s, there’s a chance it contains hazardous materials such as asbestos or lead-based paint. These substances can pose serious health risks if disturbed during renovations. Hiring a professional to test for asbestos in insulation, flooring, and walls, as well as checking for lead paint, is a crucial step before proceeding with demolition or remodeling. Removing these materials safely requires specialized equipment and trained professionals to ensure minimal exposure to harmful particles.

Inadequate Insulation

Many older homes have poor insulation, which can lead to higher energy bills and uncomfortable indoor temperatures. Before making cosmetic changes, consider whether insulation in the walls, attic, or floors needs to be upgraded. This is especially important if you plan to remove drywall or replace flooring, as it presents an opportunity to improve your home’s energy efficiency without additional labor costs later. Proper insulation helps maintain indoor comfort and reduces strain on heating and cooling systems, saving money in the long run.

Photo: PEXELS/Bidvine

A well-supported floor improves safety and prevents costly fixes down the line, especially in high-traffic areas of the home.

Unstable Flooring

Uneven, sagging, or squeaky floors can indicate deeper structural issues that need to be addressed before laying down new flooring. Rotten subflooring, termite damage, or improper previous installations can create long-term problems. Checking for stability and making necessary repairs early on will help ensure a solid foundation for any new flooring materials you choose. A well-supported floor improves safety and prevents costly fixes down the line, especially in high-traffic areas of the home.

Poor Ventilation

Proper ventilation is often overlooked but plays a vital role in maintaining indoor air quality and preventing moisture-related problems. Bathrooms, kitchens, and attics should have sufficient airflow to prevent condensation buildup, which can lead to mold growth and deterioration. Installing proper exhaust fans or upgrading existing ventilation systems can significantly improve the air quality in your home. A well-ventilated space reduces humidity levels, preventing the warping of wooden structures and minimizing the risk of respiratory issues.

Permit and Code Compliance

Before starting any major renovation, like building a deck, for instance, obtain all necessary permits and ensure the planned work complies with local building codes. Failing to do so can result in fines, project delays, or even forced removal of completed work. Consulting with a contractor or your local building department will help you navigate these requirements and prevent legal complications down the road. Ensuring code compliance also guarantees that your renovations add value to your home rather than becoming a liability if you ever decide to sell.

A successful home renovation starts with thorough preparation and identifying potential hidden issues before work begins. From structural concerns to outdated wiring and plumbing, addressing these problems early on can prevent costly setbacks and ensure a smoother remodeling process. Taking the time to conduct a detailed inspection, seek professional guidance, and plan for storage and compliance will help create a more seamless and stress-free renovation experience. While it may require extra effort when starting a home renovation, being proactive about these hidden issues can save homeowners from unexpected expenses and frustrations, leading to a more enjoyable and rewarding renovation journey.

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IDPH reported bird flu outbreak in Illinois flocks, here's what you should know

by Matt Sheehan
OSF Healthcare

PEORIA - Last month, the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) has reported the state’s first bird flu cases in poultry flocks.

In a health advisory sent to long-term care (LTC) facilities, farm bureaus and local health departments, the IDPH reports large commercial poultry flocks in central and southern Illinois have recently tested positive for the H5N1 virus. Farm owners are now in the process of “de-populating” the birds.

Photo provided

Doug Kasper, M.D.
OSF Infectious Disease Specialist

Several counties in northern Illinois have reported events where many ducks and geese have died, referred to as “die-offs.” The reason LTCs received the notice is because many are located on retention ponds that attract waterfowl and wild birds.

No human cases have been reported in Illinois yet. But health officials continue to warn those who interact with potentially infected animals that if they don’t wear the proper personal protective equipment (PPE), they are at higher risk of developing the novel influenza A virus due to H5N1.

Doug Kasper, MD, an infectious disease specialist with OSF HealthCare, says bird flu has really hurt local American farms.

"Avian flu is a different strain of Influenza A. It's a strain that has been circulating in bird and cattle populations for over two years. It has been devastating to those populations, like poultry and dairy farms across the country," Dr. Kasper says. "What was unique was that in the calendar year 2024, was the first confirmed testing where the spread from an animal to a human occurred of this specific strain of influenza."

In early January, the Louisiana Department of Health reported the first-ever human bird flu death in the United States. The patient was reported to be over 65 years of age and had underlying medical conditions. The patient contracted H5N1 after exposure to sick and dead birds in a backyard flock.

Currently bird flu is only transmitted from animal to animal or animal to person. There have been no reported cases to have transmitted from human to human, but Dr. Kasper says there is always a concern about that possibility.

"Whenever there is an animal strain of infection that's not typically found in humans, we worry about the impact of if it were to cross over," Dr. Kasper says. "We've seen this with other infections throughout history. Even within COVID-19, there was the initial thought that it was an animal strain of infection."

The current flu vaccine does not protect against avian influenza, Dr. Kasper says.

"Each year the influenza vaccine, which is made up of three or four strains of influenza virus, is reexamined and matched up to a variety of factors to try and predict which strains will be most prevalent the next year," Dr. Kasper says. "Right now, avian flu cases in humans are so low that it doesn't warrant a different strain that would be much more likely to be found."

IDPH’s guidance to LTCs is to have residents tested for the flu if they are suspected of having acute respiratory illness. Don’t touch dead or sick birds, only trained staff in appropriate PPE should handle with caution.

"The average person who does not interact with poultry or dairy farms is at very low risk of avian flu," Dr. Kasper says.

There is concern that bird flu could enter the food production and distribution across America. This is why the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is closely monitoring dairy and poultry farms, to try and limit any possible contamination of dairy, meat or poultry products.

The bird flu continues to be rarely seen in humans, as only 67 cases (as of January 15) have been reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most cases have been mild, Dr. Kasper says.

Man claiming to work for the public health district does not, according to CUPHD

CHAMPAIGN – There is a man going door-to-door in Champaign County, identifying himself as an employee of the Champaign-Urbana Public Health District (CUPHD). The CUPHD issued a press release today urging residents approached at home by anyone claiming to be a health inspector or working for the public health district to call 9-1-1 and report them to the local authorities.

Press Release ~

Champaign-Urbana Public Health District (CUPHD) is alerting residents about a male individual falsely claiming to represent public health while going door-to-door in Champaign County. Both CUPHD and the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) have confirmed that they do not have any staff currently conducting door-to-door visits.

Residents are urged to stay cautious. If someone unexpectedly comes to your door claiming to be from public health, do not let them in and immediately call 9-1-1 to report the incident.

Public health officials want to ensure the safety of the community and remind residents that official health representatives will always provide proper identification and will not conduct unannounced home visits.

For any concerns or to verify public health outreach efforts, please contact CUPHD at 217-352-7961 or visit www.c-uphd.org.

Early detection: Bioimpedance used in new portable breast cancer screening device

Photo provided

NewsUSA - The ScanEase OneSense device is a screening tool for diagnosing breast cancer. The device facilitates an examination that is accessible to patients of any age and body type, allowing for self-examination due to its user-friendly design in the privacy of their home. The results help assess the risk of new tissue formations in the breast. The higher the risk factor on the BI-RADS scale, the greater the likelihood of malignant tissue degeneration. In light of this, the OneSense scanning device is recommended for the primary diagnosis of breast tumors in outpatient settings and for at-home self-examinations. The scan results are visible through an app on your smartphone, which will advise whether you should consult with a physician.

Measurement method:

The device measures the distribution of conductivity between the electrodes on the surface of the breast, which is influenced by the distribution of blood flow in the breast tissue. The device utilizes the well-known principle of bioimpedance, measuring the difference in electrical conductivity between healthy and cancerous tissues, as tumor growth significantly increases blood flow. This allows the device to demonstrate a high specificity in breast cancer diagnostics. The results obtained from using the device will enable physicians to enhance the diagnostic quality of fibroepithelial and non-epithelial breast formations, as diagnostic errors occur in 20% to 60% of cases during routine patient examinations. The widespread use of ScanEase scanning technology will reduce the reliance on X-ray mammography and MRI examinations as routine methods for assessing breast health, thereby decreasing radiation exposure.

A unique software with a proprietary AI-based algorithm has been developed, enabling users to determine the risk factor for the presence of neoplasms in breast tissue immediately after screening, with an accuracy of up to 85%. The bioimpedance method identifies areas of increased electrical conductivity in a woman's mammary gland, that are formed due to increased blood flow, which is characteristic of tumor development.

The interpretation of the obtained data is performed by an AI-based system using the international BI-RADS scale, which indicates a complex 'risk factor' parameter on a specialized point scale. This approach standardizes and digitizes the data description using original algorithms, allowing for an assessment of the patient's risk according to the BI-RADS scale. The method makes it possible to reliably divide patients into 3 groups of threats based on the magnitude of the risk factor: low, medium and high risk.

The user of the scanning device can immediately view the results through an app on their smartphone. If a medium or high-risk result is indicated, the person should promptly contact their physician for further diagnosis.

In early 2025, the device will enter FDA clinical trials on a fast-track basis for a non-invasive medical trial. Upon final FDA approval, the device will be available for purchase online, with a projected cost of $350. The device can be shared among friends and family, reducing the cost per person using it. View the Company’s website at www.scanease.co or send an email to info@scanease.co to request more detailed information.

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Illinois lawmakers seek full decriminalization of sex work

SPRINGFIELD - Illinois could become the first state to fully decriminalize sex work among consenting adults, under a new proposal introduced by two state lawmakers.

The legislation, unveiled Monday by State Sen. Celina Villanueva (D-Chicago) and State Rep. Will Guzzardi (D-Chicago), seeks to remove criminal penalties for adults engaged in consensual paid sex. It would also expunge arrest and conviction records for sex workers, establish a sex workers’ bill of rights, and create protections against abuses by law enforcement.

Currently, Illinois law classifies prostitution as a misdemeanor, with penalties for both sex workers and their clients. The proposed measure would not alter existing laws that make solicitation of minors a felony.

If enacted, Illinois would go further than any other state in decriminalizing sex work. While Nevada allows prostitution in licensed brothels in certain counties, and Maine recently decriminalized the sale of sex but not its purchase, no state has fully decriminalized the industry as Illinois lawmakers are advocating.

Supporters of the legislation, including advocacy groups such as Equality Illinois and the American Civil Liberties Union, argue that decriminalization is critical to improving safety and access to resources for sex workers, particularly for marginalized communities. Transgender individuals, they say, are disproportionately affected by violence within the industry.

"Seventy-five percent of all sex workers will experience sexual violence during their careers," Brian Johnson, CEO of Equality Illinois, told Axios. "Nearly two-thirds of transgender people killed in the past 15 years were sex workers."

A study published in the American Journal of Public Health estimates that 45% to 75% of sex workers in Illinois will encounter violence while working. Advocates argue that fear of arrest often prevents workers from reporting abuse, creating an environment in which perpetrators operate with impunity.

Critics of the proposal, however, contend that decriminalization could lead to harmful consequences.

"Taking advantage of the super-majority in both chambers, these Democrats want ‘private choices’ about the use of one's body to be a civil right protected by law," said David Smith, executive director of the Illinois Family Institute. "This flawed thinking will only increase incidents of rape, assault and murder."

Smith further described prostitution as “inherently immoral,” arguing that it objectifies and exploits individuals involved, treating them as consumable products rather than human beings. He also warned that decriminalization could empower the criminal underworld and fuel demand for sex-trafficked victims, including children.

Under current Illinois law, individuals convicted of prostitution can face up to one year in jail and fines. Critics of the existing system say it drives the industry underground, leaving workers vulnerable to exploitation and unable to access legal protections afforded to other professions.

The proposed legislation also seeks to modernize state statutes by removing what advocates describe as dehumanizing language. Additionally, it would ensure that court records related to consensual sex work are automatically sealed.

While proponents view the bill as a step toward addressing systemic inequities and violence, opponents argue that decriminalization could exacerbate existing problems. The proposal’s introduction marks the beginning of what is expected to be a contentious debate in Springfield as Illinois considers whether to become the first state to adopt comprehensive decriminalization of sex work.

Creating child-friendly spaces in a new home

SNS - Moving into a new home is an exciting time for families, offering a chance to reimagine spaces that reflect your family’s needs. For those with young children, setting up child-friendly spaces is essential to creating a safe, engaging, and functional environment where kids can thrive.

Thoughtfully designed spaces encourage creativity, provide comfort, and enhance safety, ensuring your home feels welcoming for every member of the family. This process also allows you to involve your children, making the transition smoother and more enjoyable for them.

Thoughtfully designed spaces encourage creativity. Consider a separate playroom where children can enjoy their toys and games without cluttering shared spaces. Encourage your child to help select the colors or themes for their space.

Photo: Katie Emslie/Unsplash

Understanding the Needs of Your Children

Children’s needs evolve as they grow, and their spaces should adapt accordingly. Safety features are paramount for toddlers, while older children benefit from areas that inspire learning and play. Observing your child’s preferences and routines can guide decisions about layouts, colors, and the types of furniture to include. Engaging your children in small choices, like picking colors or themes, can help them feel included and excited about their new home.

Choosing the Right Location for Play Areas

Selecting the right location within your home is crucial when setting up child-friendly spaces. Play areas should be close to high-traffic areas, such as the kitchen or living room, so you can supervise your child while attending to daily tasks.

Consider a separate playroom where children can enjoy their toys and games without cluttering shared spaces if space allows. In smaller homes, creative solutions like corner play zones or foldable play setups can make the most of limited space. Adding a playmat or a colorful rug can help define these areas, making them visually distinct and inviting for children.

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Prioritizing Safety in Design

Safety should be at the forefront when creating spaces for children. Secure heavy furniture like bookshelves and dressers to the wall to prevent tipping. Use outlet covers, cabinet locks, and corner protectors on furniture to minimize hazards. Flooring options such as carpets or foam mats can reduce the risk of slips and falls. Installing safety gates in areas like staircases or kitchens can provide additional layers of protection. Regularly inspecting the space for potential dangers ensures ongoing safety and peace of mind for parents.

Creating Zones for Play, Learning, and Relaxation

Children benefit from spaces that support a variety of activities. Designating specific zones for play, learning, and relaxation within a single room can help organize their daily routines. A well-lit desk with storage for supplies creates a conducive space for homework, while soft seating like bean bags or cushions provides a cozy spot for reading or quiet time.

Personalizing your child’s space makes it feel special and unique to them.

Rotating toys and books in the play zone can keep the space fresh and exciting for your child. Incorporating a small rug or mat can visually define these zones, making the room feel organized and purposeful while encouraging kids to explore each area.

Small boy playing with shells

Set up a nature-themed area for rocks, shells, or other items they collect to help them personalize their play space.

Photo: Paige Cody/Unsplash

Selecting Child-Friendly Furniture

The right furniture plays a key role in setting up child-friendly spaces. Opt for sturdy pieces, low to the ground and free of sharp edges. Appropriate tables and chairs allow children to feel comfortable and independent.

Consider multifunctional furniture, such as beds with built-in drawers or benches with storage compartments, to maximize utility while minimizing clutter. Selecting neutral or timeless designs ensures the furniture grows with your child and complements evolving decor.

Adding Personalized Touches

Personalizing your child’s space makes it feel special and unique to them. Wall decals featuring their favorite characters, a gallery of their artwork, or a small display shelf for treasured items can create a sense of ownership. Including their input when selecting colors or themes fosters a sense of independence and helps them feel more connected to their new environment. Adding a family photo or a cherished item from their previous home can also provide a comforting sense of familiarity. Elements like a personalized nameplate or custom bedding can enhance their emotional connection to the space.

Using Storage Solutions to Stay Organized

Keeping children’s spaces tidy is easier with smart storage solutions. Bins, baskets, and shelves that are easy for kids to reach encourage them to take part in organizing their belongings. Labeling storage containers with words or pictures helps younger children understand where items belong.

If additional storage is needed during the moving process, companies like Valley Relocation and Storage can provide convenient options to store excess belongings while you settle into your new space. Built-in storage units can further optimize space while maintaining a clutter-free environment.

Incorporating Nature and Natural Light

Integrating nature into your home can positively affect children’s well-being. Place small potted plants in their room or set up a nature-themed corner with rocks, leaves, or other items they collect. Ensure plenty of natural light reaches their space by using light curtains or positioning play areas near windows. Adding a small fish tank or terrarium can also introduce an engaging natural element that teaches children responsibility.

If natural light is limited, warm LED lights can create a cozy atmosphere while mimicking the benefits of daylight.

Adapting to Different Ages and Stages

As children grow, their needs and preferences change. Furniture that once worked for a toddler may no longer suit a preteen, so flexibility is essential.

Invest in adjustable furniture, like desks or chairs, that can grow with your child. Open shelving can evolve from storing toys to housing books or hobbies. Incorporating versatile decor elements, like modular storage or interchangeable wall art, helps the space adapt effortlessly to their changing needs. Regularly involving your child in decisions about updates ensures the space remains functional and reflects their unique personality.

Making the Move Comfortable for Kids

Setting up child-friendly spaces in a new home ensures your children feel secure, happy, and inspired in their surroundings. You can create areas where your kids can grow and thrive by prioritizing safety, personalization, and functionality. As you settle into your new space, remember that thoughtful design can significantly affect how your family experiences your home. Including your children in the process enhances space and strengthens their sense of belonging and connection to their new home.

Few states are tracking dairy farmer worker health protections amid current Bird Flu outbreak

Records from 15 states with confirmed cases of bird flu in dairy cattle in the USA. Nearly 700 dairy cattle have been found infected.

Photo: Kylee Alons/Unsplash

by John McCracken
Investigate Midwest

In May, the Centers for Disease Control recommended that state public health departments, veterinarians and epidemiologists provide personal protective equipment, or PPE, for workers in direct contact with animals and their fluids, such as raw milk, that could be exposed to bird flu.

As of early December, almost 60 people have been infected with the virus, with the majority of cases stemming from human contact with dairy cattle. Nearly 700 dairy cattle herds have been infected.

The most effective way to protect workers is with face shields, latex gloves and respirators, the CDC advised.

However, records from 15 states with confirmed cases of bird flu in dairy cattle reveal inconsistent responses by agencies when it comes to providing farmworkers with personal protective equipment. Most state health agencies, which are often responsible for the human impacts of communicable diseases, have left PPE distribution to local county health officials.

The documents, which Investigate Midwest obtained through multiple public records requests, found:

At least a third of state health departments in states with confirmed dairy cattle outbreaks do not track the distribution of PPE.
Ohio, Wyoming and New Mexico, which have had active bird flu cases in dairy cattle, have either not tracked requests for farmworker PPE or are currently not accepting requests.
Only one dairy farm in Wisconsin, a major dairy state that has not had a confirmed cattle outbreak, has requested PPE from the state’s health department.
Minnesota has had few cases of bird flu in dairy cattle, but more than 200 agriculture businesses have received PPE from the state.
Michigan and North Carolina, which are also major dairy-producing states, have provided PPE to less than a dozen farms.

“It looks like a failure in how we’re communicating on the public health side to producers,” said Bethany Alcauter, director of research and public health for the National Center for Farmworker Health, a Texas-based nonprofit that provides resources and training to farmworkers and advocacy groups across the country.

Alcauter said farm operators and processors don’t have the same knowledge and outlook as public health officials because sick workers and animals are often part of the job.

“It’s not to say that they’re not getting sick, but because it’s maybe not that different from what they experience normally, it’s not going to change their perception of the risk just because it’s a different pathogen,” she said.

How dairy-producing states differ in providing PPE to workers during bird flu outbreaks

When dairy workers are milking cows, raw milk can come into contact with their hands, faces and bodies, increasing the risk of infection. The CDC advises that dairy workers wear PPE, including gloves, rubber overalls and face shields, to minimize the spread of the virus.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration, OSHA, states that employers of workplaces where exposure to bird flu viruses could occur are responsible for providing PPE to workers and keeping records on infected animals and employees.

However, OSHA cannot enforce its standards on farms with less than 11 employees, an exemption that has harmed dairy workers in the past when dairy worker deaths and injuries went unreported. This makes the enforcement and responsibility of safety measures hard to pin down, Alcauter said.

“Workers are on their own in terms of actually enforcing anything,” she said.

Michigan and Colorado Workers Aren’t Using or Getting PPE

In a recent CDC study, the agency said that the prevention of human infections is critical to mitigating changes in the bird flu virus that could lead to a pandemic.

Employers can best reduce the risk of infection by providing and educating workers on the use of PPE, as well as monitoring and testing animals and workers for the virus, the study said.

While PPE is a needed tool to prevent the spread, the practical application can be hard for workers who are working long hours and completing repetitive motion tasks in tight corners and hot environments.

Every worker who contracted the virus has been tasked with cleaning and working in milking parlors, according to the study.

After surveying the predominantly Spanish-speaking workers at Michigan and Colorado dairies, the agency found that none of the workers who were infected with the virus reported using PPE. In fact, the use of PPE was low among all workers.

“This investigation identified low PPE adherence among dairy workers, which has been an ongoing challenge in hot, tight spaces where visibility around large animals is important and the use of eye protection can be challenging,” the study states.

Records obtained by Investigate Midwest show inconsistent PPE distribution processes in both Michigan and Colorado, where dairy industries have been wrestling with the virus since early this year.

From January 2023 to late September 2024, records show only 11 dairy farms requested PPE for farmworkers in Michigan. Only 16 other operations requested PPE from the state during this time.

Farms that have requested PPE from the state have had an average of nine farmworkers per dairy farm, according to the self-reported request forms, which Investigate Midwest received through its records requests.

Conversely, the handful of poultry farms that have requested PPE have an average of 60 farmworkers per operation.

In Colorado, 40 dairy farms have requested PPE from the state agency between the beginning of 2023 and September 2024, according to documents and interviews with the agency.

Most requests came over the summer when Colorado started seeing repeated outbreaks of bird flu at dairy operations. As of early December, the state has had 64 confirmed cases in dairy herds.

The average number of dairy farmworkers operating on Colorado dairy farms that have requested PPE was roughly 40 people per farm.

“Some farms also reported that they had already purchased PPE and therefore didn’t need to make a request,” David Ellenberger, a spokesperson for the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, CDPHE, wrote in an email to Investigate Midwest.

“Additionally, CDPHE has sent bulk orders of PPE to an agricultural workers outreach group, who has relationships with individual workers, and was able to further distribute PPE on an individual level,” Ellenberger added.

Texas, California Take Different Approaches

Earlier this year, Texas was the first state in the country to have a confirmed case of bird flu in dairy cattle and, soon after, became the second site of mammal-to-human transmission of the virus in the country.

Since then, Texas has had nearly 30 cases of bird flu in cattle.

The state’s department of health has eight regional offices and it instructs farmers to contact their local office to request PPE.

“Each region fills them as they come in,” Texas spokesperson Douglas Loveday told Investigate Midwest.

In California, which now leads the country in the number of confirmed dairy cattle cases, the health and agriculture departments do not track or manage the distribution of PPE to farms and affected facilities. This task is left to the state’s 58 local health agencies.

In an email, a California Department of Public Health spokesperson said the state supported a one-time distribution of PPE to dairy farms earlier this year. When local requests can’t be fulfilled, the state agency fulfills the request.

As of early December, the agency has fulfilled or is currently fulfilling 43 PPE requests from dairy farms, six from poultry farms and 11 from farmworker organizations.

A similar system is used in Iowa and Idaho, which have also had numerous cases of bird flu in dairy cattle.

Ken Gordon, Ohio Department of Health spokesperson, told Investigate Midwest that when bird flu was detected in northwest Ohio earlier this year, the state made PPE available as the USDA investigated the outbreak. The state received two requests for PPE from agricultural operations during that time.

Now that the farm is no longer being investigated, the state is no longer offering PPE to farmworkers upon request.

“The state-level Ohio Department of Health made PPE available, via the survey, to farms and agricultural businesses on a temporary basis as the situation was new and evolving,” Gordon said.

Other states have received few requests or do not track disbursements:

As of early December, only one Oklahoma farm had requested PPE from the state’s health department to manage bird flu. The state agency used to have a formal request process for PPE, but it has since closed. “The purpose of this program was to support farms as part of the immediate response until these farms were able to ascertain PPE on their own,” an Oklahoma State Department of Health spokesperson wrote in an email to Investigate Midwest.
Idaho Department of Public Health spokesperson AJ McWhorter said the agency worked with the industry group Idaho Dairymen’s Association and local public health districts to identify dairy worker needs for equipment and filled a one-time request for PPE for dairy workers in June.
An Iowa health department spokesperson told Investigate Midwest they direct people to local agencies or to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
In Wyoming, a state with one confirmed affected dairy herd, the health department said it did not track PPE requests or make a request form available to producers. Wyoming Department of Health spokesperson Kim Deti said the state’s poultry and dairy industries are small and PPE requests have been taken on a case-by-case basis.

Few Farms in North Carolina, New Mexico and Wisconsin Request PPE

North Carolina has one confirmed case of dairy cattle infected with bird flu. The state has also seen numerous cases of infected poultry, which is a major industry in the state.

One farm and four farmworkers requested PPE from the state during the ongoing outbreak. The majority of the state’s requests for PPE have come from farmworker organizations and advocacy groups.

The Association of Mexicans in North Carolina requested 2,000 face shields for dairy workers, stating that the association will make PPE available through health fairs aimed at farmworkers and contractors and their families held across the state.

In New Mexico, a state with nine confirmed outbreaks in dairy cattle, only two farms have requested PPE, according to state health department spokesperson David Morgan.

Some major agricultural states are preparing for outbreaks, even if a confirmed case hasn’t been reported.

In Wisconsin, a major dairy-producing state, the state health agency has received 11 requests for PPE from the beginning of 2023 to September of this year. The state has yet to have a confirmed case of bird flu in dairy cattle or humans.

Only one Wisconsin dairy farm and one egg production company have requested protective equipment for employees.

Most of the state’s requests have come from cheese or dairy product manufacturers in the state, as well as veterinary offices.

In addition to workers on farms with dairy cattle, employees who work in dairy processing plants are at risk of exposure to the virus. The CDC states that employees on dairy and poultry farms, dairy processing plants and poultry slaughter plants, should receive PPE to prevent the spread. The virus is destroyed when raw milk is pasteurized at a processing plant.

A spokesperson for Dairy Farmers of America, the country’s largest milk co-op and owner of nearly 50 dairy processing plants nationwide, told Investigate Midwest that the company has a safety protocol to provide PPE for workers at their plants.

DFA was not listed as a PPE recipient in the state of Wisconsin, where the company has three plants.

“PPE is (and was) standard protocol at our plants, prior to the bird flu, as many of our employees work around cleaning chemicals, “ a DFA spokesperson told Investigate Midwest in an email. “To date, we’ve had no requests for extra PPE.”

Wisconsin Department of Health Services spokesperson Elizabeth Goodsitt, said the agency has worked alongside the state’s agriculture department to provide updates about bird flu to producers, including information on how producers and industry groups can receive PPE.

“We know from our experience across public health that getting resources to agencies, organizations, and individuals who are most trusted by specific populations is the best way to share important information,” she said.

“Producers should continue to enhance their biosecurity efforts and monitor and control disease in their herds and flocks,” she said in an email to Investigate Midwest.

Minnesota Stands from the Rest

Minnesota’s Department of Public Health has fulfilled more than 200 requests for PPE since May despite the state having far fewer confirmed outbreaks in dairy cattle compared to its peers.

As of December, Minnesota has had 9 outbreaks in dairy cattle herds.

The majority of the state’s requests came from dairy producers, with 138 farms requesting. Twenty poultry farms requested PPE and nearly a dozen processing facilities, either dairy or poultry, requested equipment.

This story was originally published on Investigate Midwest. This article originally appeared in Sentient at https://sentientmedia.org/ppe-dairy-farm-workers-bird-flu/.

Investigate Midwest is an independent, nonprofit newsroom. Our mission is to serve the public interest by exposing dangerous and costly practices of influential agricultural corporations and institutions through in-depth and data-driven investigative journalism. Visit us online at www.investigatemidwest.org

Tips for prepping your summer trip abroad

Photo: JESHOOTS.COM/Unsplash

SNS - Are you gearing up for a summer trip abroad? Excitement and adventure await as you plan to explore new territories. This guide is to help you with essential preparations to make your experience abroad both rewarding and smooth.

Getting to know your destination's cultural norms and everyday practices will enhance your interactions. And you will also want to understand the local weather to help you pack appropriately. Also, don't overlook crucial aspects like health safety and necessary vaccinations. Read on for a detailed preparation guide that will equip you with knowledge and tips for an unforgettable summer adventure.

Researching Your Destination

Proper preparation can transform your summer trip abroad into a fantastic one. Knowing about the place you plan to visit is key.

Local Culture

Start by exploring local traditions and social norms. This insight helps you respect and engage with the community more deeply. Learning basic greetings in the local language also shows respect and can enhance your interactions. Attending local events can offer a real taste of the cultural scene.

Next, investigate the local cuisine, which often reflects a place’s cultural heritage and values. Trying traditional dishes can provide an authentic connection to the area and its people. Furthermore, familiarizing yourself with local laws and regulations ensures you navigate your travels consciously, avoiding any unintentional disrespect or complications.

Health and Safety

Lastly, look into health precautions. Research any vaccinations you might need and where you can find medical facilities if required. Knowing emergency numbers and the area's safety landscape will help you manage potential risks. Also, check for any travel advisories or updates related to health issues in the area. Before departing, confirm the availability and locations of hospitals or clinics near your accommodations. Stay updated by subscribing to real-time health and travel advisory board alerts for any last-minute developments impacting your destination.

Travel Documents and Finances

Securing travel documents and properly managing finances can set the tone for a stress-free adventure abroad.

Passport and Visas

First, check that your passport will remain valid for at least six months after your planned return date. Many countries require this for entry. Next, look into visa requirements for your destination well ahead of time. Some countries allow easy online applications, whereas others might necessitate visiting an embassy or consulate.

Handling Your Money Wisely

Subsequently, turn your attention to financial preparations. Start by informing your bank of travel dates to avoid frozen accounts due to unusual foreign transactions. Exchanging some currency prior to departure avoids high airport fees. Consider a credit card that does not charge foreign transaction fees for daily expenses. Finally, creating a detailed travel budget helps keep your spending on track, allowing you to enjoy local attractions and cuisine worry-free.

Packing Smart

When preparing for a trip abroad, packing can make or break your experience.

Essential Items for Varied Climates

Checking historical weather patterns during your travel period helps you pack appropriately. Always prepare for sudden weather changes, which might require a mix of lightweight and warmer clothing. Include versatile pieces that can adapt to both indoor and outdoor temperatures.

Furthermore, consider the practicality of layering your outfits. Carrying items like scarves, cardigans, and breathable jackets allows you to adjust comfortably to fluctuating temperatures without overpacking. Also, waterproof footwear and a sturdy umbrella are wise choices for unexpected rain showers, ensuring you stay dry and can continue exploring regardless of the weather.

Don’t Leave without your Tech Tools

Tech gadgets simplify travel. A universal adapter, a power bank, and a good pair of headphones are must-haves. So, don’t forget to add them to your luggage. On top of that, apps for navigation and translation prove invaluable.

Packing Strategies

For smart packing, rolling clothes instead of folding saves space and reduces wrinkles. Similarly, vacuum-seal bags can compress bulky items like jackets or beach towels.

However, if you want to ship over larger and more fragile items, you should let specialists handle packing. Lippincott Van Lines, a company with decades of experience that offers national and international moving, storage, and logistics services, can take care of packing and safe transportation.

Final Preparations Before Departure

As you count down the days to your departure, meticulous planning becomes crucial. Start by finalizing your itinerary. Include major landmarks, local eateries, and some leisure time to explore spontaneously. Don’t forget to confirm reservations and double-check transport schedules.

Next, secure your home. Arrange for a neighbor to keep an eye on your property, set timers for your lights, and consider a temporary mail hold. This step prevents any unwelcome surprises upon your return. Additionally, streamline your communication by setting up an autoresponder for your email. Inform colleagues and clients about your travel dates, ensuring no one expects immediate responses during your time away.

Before you set off, perform a final health check. Visit your doctor for any last-minute vaccines or prescriptions. Also, pack a travel medical kit tailored to your destination’s specific risks, like insect repellent for tropical climates or altitude sickness pills for mountainous regions.

Lastly, recheck your travel documents a day before leaving. Ensure your passport, visa, and insurance details are accessible. Keeping digital copies on your phone or in an online drive offers an extra layer of security. With these steps completed, you’re ready to embrace your adventure abroad with confidence.

So, as you prepare for your summer trip abroad, here are a few final thoughts.

First, research your destination thoroughly to respect local customs and optimally enjoy your stay. Second, ensure all travel documents are up to date and understand the financial landscape of your destination for hassle-free experiences. Also, pack efficiently to make navigating foreign locales less daunting.

Finally, a well-thought-out departure plan ensures you leave nothing to chance. Embrace these tips and set off on your adventure equipped for an unforgettable and rewarding experience. Safe travels!

Good to know; Learn CPR as a life-saving skill

Family Features - While many Americans agree Conventional CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) or Hands-Only CPR (HOCPR) significantly improve a person's chance of survival from cardiac arrest, less than half are confident they can perform either Conventional CPR or HOCPR in an emergency.

Photo by Raven Domingo/PEXELS

Black or Hispanic adults who experience cardiac arrest outside a hospital setting are substantially less likely to receive lifesaving care from a bystander. In spite of these survey results, the American Heart Association is working to change this by empowering members of these communities to learn lifesaving CPR, and a growing segment of respondents are willing to act in an emergency.

The American Heart Association's 2023 survey also revealed that as a result of the organization's efforts to change attitudes about performing CPR, which can lead to lifesaving results, more than half of African Americans said they would be willing to perform CPR in an emergency compared to 37% two years ago. Additionally, Hispanic and Latino respondents are more confident in their abilities to perform CPR.

Committed to turning a nation of bystanders into lifesavers, the American Heart Association's multiyear initiative, Nation of Lifesavers, helps teens and adults learn how to perform CPR and use an automated external defibrillator (AED); share that knowledge with friends and family; and engage employers, policymakers, philanthropists and others to create support for a nation of lifesavers.

"Each of us has the power in our own hands to respond to a sudden cardiac arrest," said Anezi Uzendu, M.D., American Heart Association expert volunteer. "We simply need to know what to do and have the confidence to act."

The long-term goal: to ensure that in the face of a cardiac emergency, anyone, anywhere is prepared and empowered to perform CPR and become a vital link in the chain of survival, aiming to double the survival rate of cardiac arrest victims by 2030. It takes just 90 seconds to learn how to save a life using HOCPR, which can be equally as effective as traditional CPR in the first few minutes of cardiac arrest.

Nationally supported by the Elevance Health Foundation, the American Heart Association's HOCPR campaign is focused on chest compression-only CPR. If a teen or adult suddenly collapses due to a cardiac event, you can take two steps to save a life: immediately call emergency services and use these tips to begin performing HOCPR.

1. Position yourself directly over the victim.
2. Put the heel of one hand in the center of the chest and put your other hand on top of the first.
3. Push hard and fast in the center of the chest at a rate of 100-120 beats per minute, which is about the same tempo as the song "Stayin' Alive" by the Bee Gees, and at a depth of approximately 2 inches.
4. Continue compressions and use an AED, if available, until emergency help arrives.

To learn more about how you could be the difference between life and death for someone experiencing a cardiac event, visit Heart.org/nation.

4 steps to take after getting a tooth knocked out

Photo provided

StatePoint Media - A survey from the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) shows that nearly a third of adults say they fear getting a tooth knocked out more than breaking a bone or tearing a muscle, and more than a third say they avoided sports for fear of getting their teeth knocked out.

“While knocking out a tooth can have devastating effects on your smile and oral health, proper actions can help save the tooth so that it can be replanted successfully and last for years to come,” says Dr. Craig S. Hirschberg, president, AAE.

Not everyone knows what to do in the event of a knocked-out tooth. That’s why the American Association of Endodontists and the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) are encouraging everybody to review and remember these steps to take that may help increase the chances of saving the tooth.

1. Locate the tooth immediately; don’t leave it at the site of the accident. Pick it up by the crown (the chewing surface), not the root, and handle it carefully. To minimize injury to the root, touch only the crown. If the tooth is dirty, gently rinse it with water only.

2. Insert the tooth back into its socket immediately, if possible. The sooner the tooth is back in its socket, the greater the likelihood it will survive. To insert the tooth, gently push the tooth into the socket with your fingers. Hold the tooth in place with your fingers or have the injured person gently bite down on it. A gauze can be used to bite on as well.

3. Keep the tooth moist at all times. The tooth must not be left outside the mouth to dry. If it cannot be placed back in the socket, place the tooth in an emergency tooth preservation kit or milk. If none of these options are practical, use water.

4. Seek professional help immediately: Dial 911 if there are other injuries to tend to. You may wish to see an endodontist or the nearest available dentist within 30 minutes or as quickly as possible. Endodontists often are available on short notice, and they are specialists who have completed an additional two or more years of training beyond dental school. Their advanced training makes them ideally suited to save a knocked-out tooth in many cases.

To learn more about the safe and effective treatment for a knocked-out tooth, and to locate AAE member endodontists in your area, who are dedicated to the highest standards of excellence in endodontic care, visit findmyendodontist.com. To locate IADT member dentists, who are experts in the treatment of knocked-out teeth and other dental injuries, visit https://www.iadt-dentaltrauma.org/member-list.html.

In fact, when it comes to learning more about knocked out teeth, did you know there is an app for that? The IADT recommends downloading its ToothSOS app, which provides information for both patients and professionals in the event of traumatic tooth injury. For patients, the app provides easy to understand emergency steps to take in all dental injuries. Find it in the Apple App Store and Google Play.

Additional information in graphic form for free download is available in a “Save-a-Tooth” poster at https://www.iadt-dentaltrauma.org/for-patients.html. The poster, suitable for posting in schools, sports venues and other sites, is available with translation into more than 60 languages.

“Whether it’s due to an accident or a sports injury, knocking out a tooth doesn’t necessarily mean your tooth is lost for good. Taking the right steps at the right time can save your tooth,” says Dr. Liran Levin, president, IADT.